Car roof



Patented July 3, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES DAVID BONSALL. OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 P. H` MUE- PHY COMPANY, OF NEW KENSINGTON, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION 0F PENN- Boor.

Application led April l5, 1922v Serial No. 553,1l3.

To all whomit may concern Be it known that l. CHARLES Davia BoN- saut, a citizen of the United States, a resident ot the city of Pittsburgh, countv of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania., have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Car Roofs, of which the following is a specification.

's invention relates principallvV to metal car roofs of the allsteel riveted-up type wherein the rooting sheets extends from side plate to side plate and are riveted thereto and have their side margins raised` lapped and riveted together to forni hollow weatherI proofing seams or joints that function as roof supporting carlines.

The principal object of the present invention is to produce a roof ,that will he stiler and stronger -than previous rootings of the saine weight of metal: and the invention consists principallv in the vshapeand arrangement of the lapped titl'ening rihs which function as carlines.. he invention also consists in the parts and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing. which forms part of this speeilieation and wherein like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur,

Fig. 1 is a plan vien 0f a portion of a rar roof embodying nrv invention. parts heilig shown broken awav to dis-cloul portions located beneath the roolin.'h

Fig. Q- is an enlarged transverse section through oneI half of the roof in the lino 2f-Q in Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section along the ridge line ot the roof on thtI line 3.-?. in Fi l;

ig. 4 is a similar section between tho ridge and the eaves on the liml 4 4 in Fie. l;

Eig. 5 is a similar sei-tion through the roof adjacent the eaves on the line 3- in Fi v. l und l;`ig it i` :in enlarged vertirztl rross-sectioll through the cavi-e portion of :i ear showing; a seam whose eau-s end 'ointruction is 'slightly modified.

The presenl roof roinplises heavy gage roof sheets` Y arranged crosvu'iSe of the rar and supported on and rigidi),l seenred i-v rivets H to the upper-inout, flangesV of augle. har side pluto: 9, The eaves ends of the roof sheets are provided with depend` ing [langes 10 which overhang the outer margins of the side platesV The roof sheets, which are preferably pressed from sheet blanks of uniform width1 slope upwardly from the eaves to the ridge and have their .side marginalportions formed into raised stillening ribs .l of gradually decreased depth and gradually increased width from thtl ridge to the eaves.

Each of the ribs A comprises a nearly vertical web portion 1l that forms the` inner .side of the rib and has at the top thereot' a Hat portion 12 that extends outwardly or laterali)4 with relation to the bod)l of the sheet and forms the top ofthe rib. both of these portions extending froln end to end of the sheet. The web portions of the rihs ol eat-h sheet converge slightly from ridge towards each end of the sheet. and gradually diminish in height from ridge towardseach end of said sheet. At the ridge` eat-h rib is of inverted channel section with a horizontal marginal llange; that is` the horizontal portion 12. which forms the top of the rib. has' adown-turned portion lt. whit-h forms the outer wall of the rih and has :n flange 14 projet-ting outwardly from the bottoni there fd' in the pla-ne of the hodv ot' the sheet. As the depth ofthe weh ll of each rih de4 creases from ridge to eaves. there is eorresponding increase in the width of the' top portion l? of said rib from the ridge to the eaves: and there is also a eorrespomling derrease intlie width of the horizontal unirginul (hinge l-l from the ridge to points sub- .Htantiallv midway of the ridgtl and eaves erin-re it merges into the ith-.ne ot the outer frail lil of the ril'i at tln` lower edge thereof. "Vroni this point there is a gradual decrease in the depth of the outer wall lil of each rib to points adjacent to the eures where it merges into the plane ol' the top portion 1L o the rih at the outer margin thereof. Vroni these points` the ends of the ribs are turned downwardly and merge into the plane of the body of the sheets. where the sheets are turned down tn forni the depending drip flanges lt).

The reversely tapered inner side walls ll and top rolls 12 of the ribs permits the use of :1 sheet lilnnlr havingr parallel sides` thereinI eliminating the expense of shear ing the lilanh to a spoeial shape before press` ingf: and the surplus metal resulting from the down-turned eaves ends of the ribs is lil preferably turned downto form depending outer side walls 15, which increase in depth from the points where the outer portions 13 of the ribs merge into top portions l2 therev of to points directly over the side plates Where said portions are turned outwardly in the plane of the sheets to form lateral marginal fianges 16. Thus, the ribs have ridge portions of inverted channel section, which gradually change to L-shape sections at points adjacent to the eaves, and have eaves portions of inverted channel section which are curved downwardly and incr e into the plane of the sheets at the ens thereof. c

The sheets are assembled by lapping the rib of one sheet over the rio of an adjacent sheet` and the top portions of said ribs are rigidly secured together by rivets 17, thereby forming a roof haring rigid weather proofing seams that function as carlines. The lateral marginal flanges 16 that appear in the downwardly curved sections of the lapped ribs are secured to the adjacent body portions of the sheets by means of the rivets 8 that secure the eaves ends of the roof sheets to the side plates.

Running boards iS'extend longitudinally of the roof at the ridge and are securely bolted to the upwardly offset horizontal flanges of metal running board saddles 19, which are arranged crosswise of the roof. The lower flanges of the running board saddles rest on the top of the seams and are secured thereto by means of the rivets 17 that secure the lapped ribs together.

The lapped ribs form seams of gradually decreased depth and gradually increased width from ridge to eaves; and said lapped ribs, by reason of their cross-sectional shape, form inverted channel shaped seams havin side walls of double thickness at the ri ge which gradually change into a single thickness near` the eaves where they again change into a double thickness. This arrangement results in a seam construction which gradually changes froma high and narrow double-walled section at the ridg,` adapted to withstand the vertical roof load,A to" a low and wide single-walled inverted ch'annel section near the eaves, adapted to withstand the horizontal stresses; and the downwardly curved channel shaped ends ofY the seams are further strengthened to withstand horizontal stresses by rigidly securing the marginal base fiangos 16 :it each side of the seam and the adjacent body portions of the .sheets to the side plates.

The modified scam construction shown in Fig. 6 is similar to that shown in Figs. 1 to 5, the only difference being that the downwardly and outwardly flanged portions 13 and 14 formed by the surplus metal resulting from the downwardly curved eaves ends f the ribs are omitted, whereby the eaves sections of the ribs or seam flanges A aresqf inverted L-shape section and cooperate to form seams whose eaves sectionslcomprise tops of double thickness and sides of single thickne. This arrangement is brought about by removing the four corners of the sheet blank..

The hereinbefore described construction admits of considerable modification without departing from the invention. Therefore, I do not wish to be limited to the exact details shown and described.

That I claim is:

1. A car roof comprising a plurality of roof sheets Whose side margins are con nected together to forin hollow seams having side walls of double thickness at the ridge and of single thickness adjacent to the eaves.

2. A car roof comprising a plurality of roof sheets whose side margins are connected together to form hollow seams of greater depth at the ridge than at the eaves, said seams having side-walls of double thickness at the ridge and of single thickness adjacent to the eaves.

3. A car roof comprising a plurality of roof sheets whose side margins are connected together to form hollow sea'ms of greater width at )the eaves than at the ridge, said.seam`s having side walls of double thickness at the ridge and of single thickness adjacent to the eaves.

4. A car roof comprising a plurality of metal roof sheets whose side margins `are lapped and rigidly secured together to form hollow seams that function as carlines, said seams being of increased width and decreased depth from ridge to eaves where they merge into the plane of the sheets, said seams having sidewalls which gradually change from a double thickness of metal at. the ridge to a. single thickness of metal adjacent. tothe eaves.

5. A cani-cof comprising a plurality of metal roof sheets whose side margins are lap d and rigidly secured together to form hol ow seams that function as carlines. said seams being of increased width and de- `creased depth from ridge to eaves where they merge into H'ie plane of the sheets` said seams having side walls which gradually change from a dou le thicknessof metal at the ridge to a, single thickne of metal adjacent to the eaves and thence -again change into a double thickness of metal at the eaves. i

6. Ascal* roof comprising a plurality of roof sheets having raised ribs at their side margins which are lapped to form hollow seams, said ribs having marginal base l'. A car roof comprising a plurality of l i ,asoma vroei" sheets having: raised holiow ribs their side margins that hollen` seams.v said ril haring manger-al base flanges at lhe er. and at the ridge that merge into the side u'lw'zlls of said ribs :it points intermediate the "ridge and eaves.

8. .A rar roof Comprising a pini-siii); oli roof sheets having raised hollow ribs at their side merg that are lapped to form hollow seams, the outer side Wall of a rib beingv deepest at the `ridge and ,gradually degreasing in depth on opposite sides of the ridge from the bottom of said rib towards the top thereof.

9. A car roof comprising a plurali'tjv of roof sheets having raised hollow ribs at their side margins that are hlpped to form hollow seams, the outer side wall of a rib being deepest at the ridge and graduallyY de creasing in depth to points adjacent to the eaves Where it merges into the top of the rib.

10. car roof eonil'irising; a plurality' of roof sheets haring raised hollow ribs at their side margins that are lapped to form hollow seams, the outer side `zrall of a rib being deepest at the ridge and gradually decreasing in depth towards the eaves and having a lateral base flange that is widest at the ridge and gradually decreases in Width towards the eaves,

11. A. car roof comprising a plurality of are lapped zo i:oz-u@ roof sheets having raised hollow ribs at their side margins that increase in width and decrease in depth from ridge to eaves where the)1 merge into the plane of the sheets, said. ribs being lapped to form' hol low seams. lfhe outer wall of a rib having a minimum depth at points intermediate the ridge and eaves and gradually increasing in depth from said points to the plane of the sheet where it terminates in the form of horizontal ridge and eaves flanges.

12. A car roof comprising a plurality ot roof sheets having raised hollow ribs at their side margins that increase in width and decrease in depth from ridge to eaves where they merge into the4 plane of the sheets. said ribs being lapped to forni holr low seamsn the outer wall of a rib having a minimum depth at 'points intermediate the ridge and eaves and gradually increasing in depth from said points to the plane of the sheet where it terminates in the form of 'horizontal ridge and eaves flanges Whose vwidth decreases from the ridge towards the eaves and from the eaves towards the ridge, respectively.

13. A our roof sheet havingl its side marn ginal portions formed into lmllongrihs.y said ribs haviiis; inarhinal base flanges that are widest at the ridge and gradually decrease in width towards the eaves.

ifi. A rar roof sheet having ils side marfinal portions formed into hollow ribs.` the osier wallsof said ribs being deepest at the ridge and graduali;v derreasing in depth ou opp-imite sides of the ridge from the botv toms of the ribs towards the tops thereof.

15x A car roo` sheet haringv its side mar-- ,qinal 7portions formed into hollow ribs. the outer Wall of a rib beingr ot' a. minimum depth at the points intermediate the ridge and eaves and graduali)V increasing in depth from said points to the plane of the sheet Where said outer wall is turned mitwardly to form marginal ridge und eaves flanges.

lli. rar roof sheet haring ils side niargrinal portions Vformed into hollow ribs. the outer Walls oi' said ribs being of a minimum depth at the points intermediate the ridge and rares and gradually increasing in depth from said. points to the plane of the sheet where they are turned outwardlyY to form marginal ridge and eaves flanges.

17. A nar roof sheet haring"r its side niar- Ifinal portions formed into rihs being of substantially channel shaped section at the ridge and ,rrraduallyv Changing to ribs of substantially Leshaped section adjacent to the eaves where they merge into the plane of the sheets.

. 18. A car roof sheet having its side marfinal portions formed into hollow ribs of substantially L-shaped section at points interinediate the ridge and eaves and gradually-Y changing to substantially channel shaped sections at the` ridge and eaves.

19. AY var roof sheet having its side marfinal portions formed into hollow ribs of substanliall)r L- haped section at points intermediate the ridge and eaves and graduab ly changing to substantially channel shaped sections at the ridge and eaves. the outer walls of said channel shaped sections being turned outwardly in the plane of the sheet to form marginal flanges.'

20. A rar roof sheet havingY its side marginal portions formed into hollow ribs of substantialljl7 L-shaped section at. points intermediate the ridge and eaves and graduaily changing" to substantially Channel shaped sections at the ridge and eaves, the outer walls of said channel shaped sections being turned outwardly in the plane of the sheet to form marginal flanges the'marginal lianges of the channel shaped ridge portions of said ribs beingr widest at the ridge and `,rguaflually decreasing in width on opposite sides thereof and the marginal flanges of the channel shaped eaves portions of said ribs being widest at the eaves and gradually decreasing in width towards the ridge.

Signed at St, Louis, Mo., vthis 13th day of April, i922.

CHARLES DAVID BONSALL.

hollov.v ribs. said 

